XSS, Reflected Cross Site Scripting, CWE-79, CAPEC-86, DORK, GHDB, www.microsoft.com/security/scanner/nl-be/default.aspx

Report generated by XSS.CX at Thu Sep 01 14:37:53 GMT-06:00 2011.

Public Domain Vulnerability Information, Security Articles, Vulnerability Reports, GHDB, DORK Search

Summary

Severity:	High
Confidence:	Firm
Host:	http://www.microsoft.com
Path:	/security/scanner/nl-be/default.aspx/%22ns=%22alert(0x01D44C)

Issue detail

The value of REST URL parameter 5 is copied into the name of an HTML tag attribute. The payload 38ce9%20a%3dbef959cab1ed was submitted in the REST URL parameter 5. This input was echoed as 38ce9 a=bef959cab1ed in the application's response.

This behaviour demonstrates that it is possible to inject new attributes into an existing HTML tag. An attempt was made to identify a full proof-of-concept attack for injecting arbitrary JavaScript but this was not successful. You should manually examine the application's behaviour and attempt to identify any unusual input validation or other obstacles that may be in place.

Issue background

Reflected cross-site scripting vulnerabilities arise when data is copied from a request and echoed into the application's immediate response in an unsafe way. An attacker can use the vulnerability to construct a request which, if issued by another application user, will cause JavaScript code supplied by the attacker to execute within the user's browser in the context of that user's session with the application.

The attacker-supplied code can perform a wide variety of actions, such as stealing the victim's session token or login credentials, performing arbitrary actions on the victim's behalf, and logging their keystrokes.

Users can be induced to issue the attacker's crafted request in various ways. For example, the attacker can send a victim a link containing a malicious URL in an email or instant message. They can submit the link to popular web sites that allow content authoring, for example in blog comments. And they can create an innocuous looking web site which causes anyone viewing it to make arbitrary cross-domain requests to the vulnerable application (using either the GET or the POST method).

The security impact of cross-site scripting vulnerabilities is dependent upon the nature of the vulnerable application, the kinds of data and functionality which it contains, and the other applications which belong to the same domain and organisation. If the application is used only to display non-sensitive public content, with no authentication or access control functionality, then a cross-site scripting flaw may be considered low risk. However, if the same application resides on a domain which can access cookies for other more security-critical applications, then the vulnerability could be used to attack those other applications, and so may be considered high risk. Similarly, if the organisation which owns the application is a likely target for phishing attacks, then the vulnerability could be leveraged to lend credibility to such attacks, by injecting Trojan functionality into the vulnerable application, and exploiting users' trust in the organisation in order to capture credentials for other applications which it owns. In many kinds of application, such as those providing online banking functionality, cross-site scripting should always be considered high risk.

Issue remediation

In most situations where user-controllable data is copied into application responses, cross-site scripting attacks can be prevented using two layers of defences:

Input should be validated as strictly as possible on arrival, given the kind of content which it is expected to contain. For example, personal names should consist of alphabetical and a small range of typographical characters, and be relatively short; a year of birth should consist of exactly four numerals; email addresses should match a well-defined regular expression. Input which fails the validation should be rejected, not sanitised.
User input should be HTML-encoded at any point where it is copied into application responses. All HTML metacharacters, including < > " ' and =, should be replaced with the corresponding HTML entities (< > etc).

In cases where the application's functionality allows users to author content using a restricted subset of HTML tags and attributes (for example, blog comments which allow limited formatting and linking), it is necessary to parse the supplied HTML to validate that it does not use any dangerous syntax; this is a non-trivial task.

Request

GET /security/scanner/nl-be/default.aspx/%22ns38ce9%20a%3dbef959cab1ed=%22alert(0x01D44C) HTTP/1.1
Accept: text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*
Accept-Language: en-US
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0)
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Proxy-Connection: Keep-Alive
Host: www.microsoft.com
Cookie: .ASPXANONYMOUS=uifOr4ebzAEkAAAAY2U2MzFkOTctMDBiNi00MmIwLTg0ZGItYzYyN2NiYjM3Yjk30GhZjFTj0iq5Ob_GD-JBkXvpN5U1; msdn=L=1033; A=I&I=AxUFAAAAAADfBwAAPV9jhGBOQg0h7q+eMRxLCA!!; MC1=GUID=b9a5a4f722f8264b834cb9d69a104d9f&HASH=f7a4&LV=20118&V=3; WT_FPC=id=22f485b698e6e3df3a31314443653874:lv=1314445266176:ss=1314443653874; MSID=Microsoft.CreationDate=08/27/2011 14:14:15&Microsoft.LastVisitDate=08/29/2011 04:08:21&Microsoft.VisitStartDate=08/29/2011 04:08:21&Microsoft.CookieId=a6ff5e65-f963-46f4-ab65-9c919eb1ab8b&Microsoft.TokenId=db79d3a0-2a3c-4e4c-a9c0-40914b282894&Microsoft.NumberOfVisits=11&Microsoft.CookieFirstVisit=1&Microsoft.IdentityToken=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&Microsoft.MicrosoftId=0346-8428-4514-6859; s_nr=1314522014548; s_vnum=1317114014550%26vn%3D1; R=200011647-8/28/2011 4:10:55; fsr.rbo={"d":90,"i":"1314522262806_565503","e":1315127115605}; msresearch=1

Response

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
VTag: 438454410200000000
P3P: CP="ALL IND DSP COR ADM CONo CUR CUSo IVAo IVDo PSA PSD TAI TELo OUR SAMo CNT COM INT NAV ONL PHY PRE PUR UNI"
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Wed, 31 Aug 2011 01:52:49 GMT
Content-Length: 25441

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head id="ctl00_ctl00_Head">
...[SNIP]...
<option value="/security/scanner/bg-bg/default.aspx/"ns38ce9 a=bef959cab1ed="alert(0x01D44C)">
...[SNIP]...

Report generated by XSS.CX at Thu Sep 01 14:37:53 GMT-06:00 2011.