HTTP header injection vulnerabilities arise when user-supplied data is copied into a response header in an unsafe way. If an attacker can inject newline characters into the header, then they can inject new HTTP headers and also, by injecting an empty line, break out of the headers into the message body and write arbitrary content into the application's response.
Various kinds of attack can be delivered via HTTP header injection vulnerabilities. Any attack that can be delivered via cross-site scripting can usually be delivered via header injection, because the attacker can construct a request which causes arbitrary JavaScript to appear within the response body. Further, it is sometimes possible to leverage header injection vulnerabilities to poison the cache of any proxy server via which users access the application. Here, an attacker sends a crafted request which results in a "split" response containing arbitrary content. If the proxy server can be manipulated to associate the injected response with another URL used within the application, then the attacker can perform a "stored" attack against this URL which will compromise other users who request that URL in future.
Issue remediation
If possible, applications should avoid copying user-controllable data into HTTP response headers. If this is unavoidable, then the data should be strictly validated to prevent header injection attacks. In most situations, it will be appropriate to allow only short alphanumeric strings to be copied into headers, and any other input should be rejected. At a minimum, input containing any characters with ASCII codes less than 0x20 should be rejected.
The value of the XCLGFbrowser request parameter is copied into the Set-cookie response header. The payload 3c28d%0d%0adc0429741c1 was submitted in the XCLGFbrowser parameter. This caused a response containing an injected HTTP header.
Request
GET /adsc/d674921/2/717103/decide.php?XCLGFbrowser=3c28d%0d%0adc0429741c1 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.cnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3; LP=1303907865
1.2. http://amch.questionmarket.com/adsc/d674921/2/717103/decide.php [name of an arbitrarily supplied request parameter]previousnext
Summary
Severity:
High
Confidence:
Certain
Host:
http://amch.questionmarket.com
Path:
/adsc/d674921/2/717103/decide.php
Issue detail
The name of an arbitrarily supplied request parameter is copied into the Set-cookie response header. The payload f468c%0d%0a2f69e6bfaeb was submitted in the name of an arbitrarily supplied request parameter. This caused a response containing an injected HTTP header.
Request
GET /adsc/d674921/2/717103/decide.php?XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAA/f468c%0d%0a2f69e6bfaebASDs HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.cnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3; LP=1303907865
The value of the ES cookie is copied into the Set-Cookie response header. The payload e4aa5%0d%0a6fb47c3f680 was submitted in the ES cookie. This caused a response containing an injected HTTP header.
Request
GET /adsc/d884653/4/500005059184/decide.php?ord=1303946368 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://bs.serving-sys.com/BurstingPipe/adServer.bs?cn=rsb&c=28&pli=2397089&PluID=0&w=300&h=250&ord=2011.04.27.23.19.11&ifrm=2&ucm=true User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1; ES=e4aa5%0d%0a6fb47c3f680
The value of the code request parameter is copied into the Location response header. The payload dc802%0d%0ae91160a4f58 was submitted in the code parameter. This caused a response containing an injected HTTP header.
Request
GET /adscgen/sta.php?survey_num=884653&site=2397089&code=5059184dc802%0d%0ae91160a4f58&ut_sys=eb HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://bs.serving-sys.com/BurstingPipe/adServer.bs?cn=rsb&c=28&pli=2397089&PluID=0&w=300&h=250&ord=2011.04.27.23.19.11&ifrm=2&ucm=true User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0
The value of the site request parameter is copied into the Location response header. The payload 78c5f%0d%0ab88c640c95c was submitted in the site parameter. This caused a response containing an injected HTTP header.
Request
GET /adscgen/sta.php?survey_num=884653&site=78c5f%0d%0ab88c640c95c&code=5059184&ut_sys=eb HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://bs.serving-sys.com/BurstingPipe/adServer.bs?cn=rsb&c=28&pli=2397089&PluID=0&w=300&h=250&ord=2011.04.27.23.19.11&ifrm=2&ucm=true User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0
The Flash cross-domain policy controls whether Flash client components running on other domains can perform two-way interaction with the domain which publishes the policy. If another domain is allowed by the policy, then that domain can potentially attack users of the application. If a user is logged in to the application, and visits a domain allowed by the policy, then any malicious content running on that domain can potentially gain full access to the application within the security context of the logged in user.
Even if an allowed domain is not overtly malicious in itself, security vulnerabilities within that domain could potentially be leveraged by a third-party attacker to exploit the trust relationship and attack the application which allows access.
Issue remediation
You should review the domains which are allowed by the Flash cross-domain policy and determine whether it is appropriate for the application to fully trust both the intentions and security posture of those domains.
The application publishes a Flash cross-domain policy which allows access from any domain.
Allowing access from all domains means that any domain can perform two-way interaction with this application. Unless the application consists entirely of unprotected public content, this policy is likely to present a significant security risk.
Request
GET /crossdomain.xml HTTP/1.0 Host: altfarm.mediaplex.com
The application publishes a Flash cross-domain policy which allows access from any domain.
Allowing access from all domains means that any domain can perform two-way interaction with this application. Unless the application consists entirely of unprotected public content, this policy is likely to present a significant security risk.
Request
GET /crossdomain.xml HTTP/1.0 Host: amch.questionmarket.com
XML or SOAP injection vulnerabilities arise when user input is inserted into a server-side XML document or SOAP message in an unsafe way. It may be possible to use XML metacharacters to modify the structure of the resulting XML. Depending on the function in which the XML is used, it may be possible to interfere with the application's logic, to perform unauthorised actions or access sensitive data.
This kind of vulnerability can be difficult to detect and exploit remotely; you should review the application's response, and the purpose which the relevant input performs within the application's functionality, to determine whether it is indeed vulnerable.
Issue remediation
The application should validate or sanitise user input before incorporating it into an XML document or SOAP message. It may be possible to block any input containing XML metacharacters such as < and >. Alternatively, these characters can be replaced with the corresponding entities: < and >.
The REST URL parameter 1 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 1. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /adsc]]>>/d878529/6/41608334/decide.php?ord=1303947362 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-0
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:36:57 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1190
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
The REST URL parameter 1 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 1. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /adsc]]>>/d878529/6/41645540/decide.php?ord=1303947369 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-6
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:37:04 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1190
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
The REST URL parameter 1 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 1. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /adsc]]>>/d878529/6/892555/adscout.php?ord=2011.04.27.23.35.36 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:36:33 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1190
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
The REST URL parameter 1 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 1. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /adscgen]]>>/st.php?survey_num=878529&site=61212126&code=41608334&randnum=1043403 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-0
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:36:46 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1190
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
The REST URL parameter 2 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 2. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /adscgen/st.php]]>>?survey_num=878529&site=61212126&code=41608334&randnum=1043403 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-0
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:36:46 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1190
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
The REST URL parameter 1 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 1. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /dt]]>>/s/3462/0.php?rnd=0.27090768376365304 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.cbs.com/can_player/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2_41645540-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-C
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:37:08 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1210
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
The REST URL parameter 2 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 2. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /dt/s]]>>/3462/0.php?rnd=0.27090768376365304 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.cbs.com/can_player/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2_41645540-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-C
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:37:08 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1210
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
The REST URL parameter 3 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 3. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /dt/s/3462]]>>/0.php?rnd=0.27090768376365304 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.cbs.com/can_player/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2_41645540-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-C
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:37:08 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1210
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
The REST URL parameter 4 appears to be vulnerable to XML injection. The payload ]]>> was appended to the value of the REST URL parameter 4. The application's response indicated that this input may have caused an error within a server-side XML or SOAP parser, suggesting that the input has been inserted into an XML document or SOAP message without proper sanitisation.
Request
GET /dt/s/3462/0.php]]>>?rnd=0.27090768376365304 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.cbs.com/can_player/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2_41645540-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-C
Response
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:37:09 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 Vary: accept-language Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Type: text/html Content-Language: en Content-Length: 1210
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang=" ...[SNIP]...
4. Cookie scoped to parent domainpreviousnext There are 6 instances of this issue:
A cookie's domain attribute determines which domains can access the cookie. Browsers will automatically submit the cookie in requests to in-scope domains, and those domains will also be able to access the cookie via JavaScript. If a cookie is scoped to a parent domain, then that cookie will be accessible by the parent domain and also by any other subdomains of the parent domain. If the cookie contains sensitive data (such as a session token) then this data may be accessible by less trusted or less secure applications residing at those domains, leading to a security compromise.
Issue remediation
By default, cookies are scoped to the issuing domain and all subdomains. If you remove the explicit domain attribute from your Set-cookie directive, then the cookie will have this default scope, which is safe and appropriate in most situations. If you particularly need a cookie to be accessible by a parent domain, then you should thoroughly review the security of the applications residing on that domain and its subdomains, and confirm that you are willing to trust the people and systems which support those applications.
The cookie does not appear to contain a session token, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookie to determine its function.
Request
GET /ad/fm/12309-125186-27904-1?mpt=2011.04.27.21.56.01&mpvc= HTTP/1.1 Host: altfarm.mediaplex.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://reviews.cnet.com/cell-phones/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: svid=822523287793; mojo2=16228:26209; __utmz=183366586.1303926238.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none); __utma=183366586.719740200.1303926238.1303926238.1303926238.1; mojo3=5712:3840/13198:5934/12309:1366/15902:34879/10105:2060/14302:29115/17404:9432/1551:17349/3484:15222/15017:28408/16228:26209
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d674921/2/717103/decide.php?XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.cnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3; LP=1303907865
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d878529/6/41608334/decide.php?ord=1303947362 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-0
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d878529/6/41645540/decide.php?ord=1303947369 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-6
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d878529/6/892555/adscout.php?ord=2011.04.27.23.35.36 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d884653/4/500005059184/decide.php?ord=1303946368 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://bs.serving-sys.com/BurstingPipe/adServer.bs?cn=rsb&c=28&pli=2397089&PluID=0&w=300&h=250&ord=2011.04.27.23.19.11&ifrm=2&ucm=true User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0
If the HttpOnly attribute is set on a cookie, then the cookie's value cannot be read or set by client-side JavaScript. This measure can prevent certain client-side attacks, such as cross-site scripting, from trivially capturing the cookie's value via an injected script.
Issue remediation
There is usually no good reason not to set the HttpOnly flag on all cookies. Unless you specifically require legitimate client-side scripts within your application to read or set a cookie's value, you should set the HttpOnly flag by including this attribute within the relevant Set-cookie directive.
You should be aware that the restrictions imposed by the HttpOnly flag can potentially be circumvented in some circumstances, and that numerous other serious attacks can be delivered by client-side script injection, aside from simple cookie stealing.
The cookie does not appear to contain a session token, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookie to determine its function.
Request
GET /ad/fm/12309-125186-27904-1?mpt=2011.04.27.21.56.01&mpvc= HTTP/1.1 Host: altfarm.mediaplex.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://reviews.cnet.com/cell-phones/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: svid=822523287793; mojo2=16228:26209; __utmz=183366586.1303926238.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none); __utma=183366586.719740200.1303926238.1303926238.1303926238.1; mojo3=5712:3840/13198:5934/12309:1366/15902:34879/10105:2060/14302:29115/17404:9432/1551:17349/3484:15222/15017:28408/16228:26209
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d674921/2/717103/decide.php?XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.cnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3; LP=1303907865
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d878529/6/41608334/decide.php?ord=1303947362 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-0
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d878529/6/41645540/decide.php?ord=1303947369 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-6
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d878529/6/892555/adscout.php?ord=2011.04.27.23.35.36 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0
The cookies do not appear to contain session tokens, which may reduce the risk associated with this issue. You should review the contents of the cookies to determine their function.
Request
GET /adsc/d884653/4/500005059184/decide.php?ord=1303946368 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://bs.serving-sys.com/BurstingPipe/adServer.bs?cn=rsb&c=28&pli=2397089&PluID=0&w=300&h=250&ord=2011.04.27.23.19.11&ifrm=2&ucm=true User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0
The TRACE method is designed for diagnostic purposes. If enabled, the web server will respond to requests which use the TRACE method by echoing in its response the exact request which was received.
Although this behaviour is apparently harmless in itself, it can sometimes be leveraged to support attacks against other application users. If an attacker can find a way of causing a user to make a TRACE request, and can retrieve the response to that request, then the attacker will be able to capture any sensitive data which is included in the request by the user's browser, for example session cookies or credentials for platform-level authentication. This may exacerbate the impact of other vulnerabilities, such as cross-site scripting.
Issue remediation
The TRACE method should be disabled on the web server.
The file robots.txt is used to give instructions to web robots, such as search engine crawlers, about locations within the web site which robots are allowed, or not allowed, to crawl and index.
The presence of the robots.txt does not in itself present any kind of security vulnerability. However, it is often used to identify restricted or private areas of a site's contents. The information in the file may therefore help an attacker to map out the site's contents, especially if some of the locations identified are not linked from elsewhere in the site. If the application relies on robots.txt to protect access to these areas, and does not enforce proper access control over them, then this presents a serious vulnerability.
Issue remediation
The robots.txt file is not itself a security threat, and its correct use can represent good practice for non-security reasons. You should not assume that all web robots will honour the file's instructions. Rather, assume that attackers will pay close attention to any locations identified in the file. Do not rely on robots.txt to provide any kind of protection over unauthorised access.
If a web response states that it contains HTML content but does not specify a character set, then the browser may analyse the HTML and attempt to determine which character set it appears to be using. Even if the majority of the HTML actually employs a standard character set such as UTF-8, the presence of non-standard characters anywhere in the response may cause the browser to interpret the content using a different character set. This can have unexpected results, and can lead to cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in which non-standard encodings like UTF-7 can be used to bypass the application's defensive filters.
In most cases, the absence of a charset directive does not constitute a security flaw, particularly if the response contains static content. You should review the contents of the response and the context in which it appears to determine whether any vulnerability exists.
Issue remediation
For every response containing HTML content, the application should include within the Content-type header a directive specifying a standard recognised character set, for example charset=ISO-8859-1.
GET /adscgen/st.php?survey_num=878529&site=61212128&code=41645540&randnum=1043856 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-6
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:35:58 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 X-Powered-By: PHP/4.4.4 DL_S: b103.dl P3P: CP="ALL DSP COR PSAa PSDa OUR IND COM NAV INT LOC OTC", policyref="http://ch.questionmarket.com/w3c/audit2007/p3p_DynamicLogic.xml" Content-Length: 164 Content-Type: text/html
(function(){ if(1!=4){ (new Image).src="http://amch.questionmarket.com/adsc/d878529/6/41645540/decide.php?ord="+Math.floor((new Date()).getTime()/1000);
} })();
9. Content type incorrectly statedprevious There are 3 instances of this issue:
If a web response specifies an incorrect content type, then browsers may process the response in unexpected ways. If the specified content type is a renderable text-based format, then the browser will usually attempt to parse and render the response in that format. If the specified type is an image format, then the browser will usually detect the anomaly and will analyse the actual content and attempt to determine its MIME type. Either case can lead to unexpected results, and if the content contains any user-controllable data may lead to cross-site scripting or other client-side vulnerabilities.
In most cases, the presence of an incorrect content type statement does not constitute a security flaw, particularly if the response contains static content. You should review the contents of the response and the context in which it appears to determine whether any vulnerability exists.
Issue remediation
For every response containing a message body, the application should include a single Content-type header which correctly and unambiguously states the MIME type of the content in the response body.
The response contains the following Content-type statement:
Content-Type: text/html
The response states that it contains HTML. However, it actually appears to contain script.
Request
GET /adscgen/st.php?survey_num=878529&site=61212128&code=41645540&randnum=1043856 HTTP/1.1 Host: amch.questionmarket.com Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.bnet.com/ User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.205 Safari/534.16 Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Cookie: LP=1303907865; GP=XCLGFbrowser=Cg8JIk24ijttAAAASDs; linkjumptest=1; endsurvey=no; CS1=725047-17-3_725047-7-2_725047-14-1_725047-12-1_40147218-21-1_41662936-12-1_851211-1-1_41115363-7-1_40774550-15-1_40379521-23-2_40774545-15-1_717103-2-1_500005059184-4-1_892555-6-2; ES=724925-fwM$M-e1_865756-Ihl$M-0_859330-mt!$M-0_851211-g|0'M-0_840009-~d2'M-0_866249-hAB'M-^2_878089-aAB'M-N3_674921-dnE'M-0_884653-YBE'M-0_878529-m!E'M-6
Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:35:58 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 X-Powered-By: PHP/4.4.4 DL_S: b103.dl P3P: CP="ALL DSP COR PSAa PSDa OUR IND COM NAV INT LOC OTC", policyref="http://ch.questionmarket.com/w3c/audit2007/p3p_DynamicLogic.xml" Content-Length: 164 Content-Type: text/html
(function(){ if(1!=4){ (new Image).src="http://amch.questionmarket.com/adsc/d878529/6/41645540/decide.php?ord="+Math.floor((new Date()).getTime()/1000);
(function(){ if(1!=4){ (new Image).src="http://amch.questionmarket.com/adsc/d884653/4/500005059184/decide.php?ord="+Math.floor((new Date()).getTime()/1000);
} })();
Report generated by XSS.CX at Thu Apr 28 05:29:28 CDT 2011.